![]() HGSYSTEM sets the standard for HF dispersion calculations. ![]() It has been assessed against other models and found to rank amongst the best available atmospheric dispersion models in the world. HGSYSTEM more » is in wide use for simulation of atmospheric dispersion scanarios for HF and other pollutant releases. Validation of the HF-related simulations has been done with the well-known Goldfish Test Series. ![]() Most of the modules in the HGSYSTEM package can also be used for more general, non-reactive (ideal gas) releases as well. HGSYSTEM can model the full HF chemistry and thermodynamics. HGSYSTEM can simulate different dispersion scenarios (jet dispersion, heavy gas dispersion, passive dispersion). Thornton (United Kingdom) has developed a package of mathematical models, called HGSYSTEM, to study the atmospheric dispersion of accidental pollutant releases with emphasis on denser-than-air materials. « lessĪs a result of many years in-house research, the gas dispersion group at Shell Research Ltd. Major objectives of this study were to develop and validate computer-based models to calculate the release properties in addition to simulating jet and plume behavior downwind of an accidental release of HF. This program identified three major areas in which substantial uncertainties existed in previous models: (1) the modeling of the complex thermodynamics of HF/HO/Air mixtures (including aerosol effects on cloud density) (2) the treatment of a wide range of surface roughness conditions (including possible multiple surface roughness conditions) and (3) jet flow and air entrainment for pressurized releases of HF, followed by transition to ground-based dense gas dispersion. Because of the unique thermodynamic properties of HF, it was felt that those properties would be important in accurately simulating an HF release. For gases such as LNG thermodynamic effects must be included in dispersion models in order to accurately simulate such releases. This behavior of an HF cloud would have a major influence on the dispersion behavior of HF in the atmosphere if it were released accidentally. ![]() ![]() The gas-air mixture can, depending on conditions, be denser than ambient air or substantially less dense than air. The thermodynamic behavior of hydrogen fluoride when diluted with air, particularly moist air, is very different from that of a simple ideal gas. ![]()
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